mineral / Glass / Float Glass

Float glass, clear or tinted (3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 19mm)

Flat glass manufactured by floating molten glass on a bed of molten tin, producing uniform thickness and smooth surfaces. Standard architectural glazing material available in clear and tinted variants from 3-19mm thickness.

Atlas code
MIN-GLA-FLT-001
mineralglassfloat-glassglazingtransparentarchitecturalAS1288
Float glass, clear or tinted (3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 19mm)
At-a-glance signals

Flat glass manufactured by floating molten glass on a bed of molten tin, producing uniform thickness and smooth surfaces. Standard architectural glazing material available in clear and tinted variants from 3-19mm thickness.

Overview
Executive summary

Float glass is the most common type of glass used in construction, manufactured through the Pilkington process where molten glass floats on a bath of molten tin. This process creates glass with uniform thickness, flat parallel surfaces, and excellent optical clarity. Available in clear and various tinted options (grey, bronze, green, blue), float glass serves as the base material for most processed glass products including toughened, laminated, and insulated glass units. Australian applications must comply with AS 1288:2021 for selection and installation.

Best when…
  • Excellent optical clarity and transparency
  • Smooth, flat surfaces ideal for coating applications
  • Cost-effective compared to specialty glasses
  • Readily available in multiple thicknesses
  • Can be cut, drilled, and edge-worked on-site
  • 100% recyclable material
  • Chemically inert and hygienic surface
  • UV transmittance for daylighting applications
  • Long service life with minimal maintenance
  • Wide range of tinted options available
  • Established supply chain throughout Australia
Top advantages
  1. 01 Excellent optical clarity and transparency
  2. 02 Smooth, flat surfaces ideal for coating applications
  3. 03 Cost-effective compared to specialty glasses
  4. 04 Readily available in multiple thicknesses
  5. 05 Can be cut, drilled, and edge-worked on-site
Top limitations
  1. 01 Breaks into dangerous sharp shards
  2. 02 Not suitable for safety-critical applications without processing
  3. 03 Limited thermal insulation as single glazing
  4. 04 Moderate acoustic performance
  5. 05 Susceptible to thermal stress breakage
Technical
Physical ·9
Density
2500 kg/m³ kg/m³
Specific gravity
2.5
Porosity
0% %
Water absorption
0% %
Hardness
5.5-6.5 Mohs scale
UV resistance
Transmits 20-70% UV depending on thickness
Chemical resistance
Excellent (except hydrofluoric acid)
pH tolerance
Stable pH 3-11
Surface roughness
Ra < 0.001 μm µm
Mechanical ·7
Tensile strength
30-45 MPa (annealed) MPa
Compressive strength
800-1000 MPa MPa
Flexural strength
35-45 MPa MPa
Shear strength
17-25 MPa MPa
Poisson's ratio
0.22-0.23
Impact resistance
Non-impact rated (requires tempering)
Creep resistance
Excellent (no creep at room temperature)
Sustainability & Health
Embodied carbon & energy ·7
Embodied carbon
9.5-11.5 kg CO₂e/m² (4mm)
Carbon footprint
75-85 kg CO₂e/m² lifecycle
Embodied energy
150-200 MJ/m² MJ/kg
Water footprint
600-800 L/m² L/kg
Recycled content
15-35% (typical cullet content) %
Renewable content
0% %
Circular score
High (infinitely recyclable)
Compliance & Fire
Fire performance ·6
Combustibility class
Non-combustible to AS 1530.1
Fire resistance level
Non-rated (requires special treatment)
Ignition temp
Not applicable (non-combustible) °C
Flame spread index
0 (non-combustible)
Smoke dev. index
0
Heat release rate
0 kW/m²
Cost & Lifecycle
Capex & lead time ·6
Material cost (range)
$38-95/m² (clear, thickness dependent)
Material cost (per unit)
$38/m² (4mm), $60/m² (6mm), $95/m² (10mm)
Lead time
1-3 days (standard), 2-4 weeks (custom)
Lifecycle cost
$500-800/m² (30 years)
Annual maintenance
$5-15/m² (cleaning)
Market availability
Readily available nationwide
Service life & durability ·3
Expected lifespan
25-50+ years
Maintenance interval
Annual cleaning, 5-year seal inspection
Warranty period
5-10 years typical
Layer D

Where it's used

Windows and doors in residential and commercial buildings
Shopfronts and display windows
Interior partitions and office fit-outs
Furniture tops and shelving
Mirror manufacturing substrate
Greenhouse and horticultural glazing
Picture framing
Base material for processed glass products
Balustrade infill panels (when laminated/toughened)
Skylights and overhead glazing (when laminated)
Double and triple glazed IGU components
Solar panel cover glass substrate
MIN-GLA-FLT-001 · Materials Atlas · CLAD Atlas data is reference-only. Verify against manufacturer specifications and current standards before specifying.