Block · 10–30 mm
Stone — indicative fig. M·110
Fire A1 Non-combustibleEmbodied carbon Data pending Unit unclearCompressive 130-180 MPa (typical), 90-250 MPa (range)MPa StructuralDesign life 100yr Durable
Premium natural igneous stone tiles offering exceptional durability, compressive strength (130-180 MPa), and minimal water absorption (<0.4%) for interior and exterior architectural applications
01 Physical
Density 2700-2900 kg/m³kg/m³
Specific gravity 2.7-2.9
Porosity 0.4-2.0%%
Water absorption 0.08-0.4% (24hr immersion)%
Hardness 6-7 Mohs scale
UV resistance Excellent - no degradation
Chemical resistance Excellent to acids (except HF), good to alkalis
pH tolerance pH 3-11 with sealer
Surface roughness 0.1-0.5 μm (polished), 5-20 μm (honed)µm
02 Mechanical
Tensile strength 7-15 MPa (Brazilian test)MPa
Compressive strength 130-180 MPa (typical), 90-250 MPa (range)MPa
Flexural strength 15-24 MPa (ASTM C880)MPa
Shear strength 15-25 MPaMPa
Poisson's ratio 0.25-0.27
Impact resistance 0.45-0.60 J (Charpy test)
Creep resistance Negligible at ambient temperature
03 Thermal
Thermal conductivity 2.7-3.2 W/(m·K) at 20°CW/m·K
Specific heat 790-840 J/(kg·K)J/kg·K
Thermal expansion 7.4-8.0 × 10⁻⁶/K×10⁻⁶/°C
04 Compliance & Fire First question
Combustibility class Non-combustible
Fire resistance level Non-combustible per AS 1530.1
Ignition temp Not applicable (non-combustible)°C
Flame spread index 0 (will not burn)
Smoke dev. index 0 (no smoke production)
Heat release rate 0 kW/m²
05 Sustainability & Health
Embodied carbon 64-232 kg CO₂/tonne (source to site)
Carbon footprint 0.5-1.2 kg CO₂e/kg product lifecycle
Embodied energy 0.1-5.9 MJ/kgMJ/kg
Water footprint 50-150 L/m² (extraction and processing)L/kg
Recyclability 100% (crushing for aggregate)%
Recycled content 0% (natural material)%
Renewable content 0% (non-renewable resource)%
Circular score Medium (reusable, recyclable as aggregate)
VOC emissions <0.01 mg/m²/hr (inert material)
Toxicity rating Non-toxic, inert
LEED contribution MR credits: regional materials, recycled content potential
06 Durability · Cost · Logistics
Expected lifespan 100+ years with maintenance
Maintenance interval Annual sealing, monthly cleaning
Warranty period 10-25 years (manufacturer dependent)
Material cost (range) $50-350/m² (material only)
Material cost (per unit) $100-200/m² (typical grade)
Lead time 2-4 weeks (standard), 6-12 weeks (exotic)
Lifecycle cost $3-8/m²/year (100-year analysis)
Annual maintenance $5-20/m² (cleaning and sealing)
Market availability Readily available
07 Assessment
Advantages
- Exceptional durability with 100+ year service life
- High compressive strength (130-180 MPa)
- Minimal water absorption (<0.4%)
- Excellent scratch and abrasion resistance (Mohs 6-7)
- Heat resistant to 350°C continuous exposure
- UV stable with no colour fading
- Non-combustible (AS 1530.1 compliant)
- Low maintenance requirements
- Natural variation creates unique aesthetics
- Suitable for all bushfire attack levels
- High thermal mass for temperature regulation
- Resistant to chemicals and staining when sealed
Constraints
- High initial cost ($250-1000/m² installed)
- Heavy weight requires structural consideration
- Professional installation required
- Can crack under extreme impact
- Requires periodic sealing (annual)
- Cold underfoot without heating
- Natural variation may not suit uniform designs
- Difficult to modify after installation
- Polished surfaces slippery when wet
- Dark colours show dust and fingerprints
08 Applications
A1 Interior floor tiles
A2 External paving and pool surrounds
A3 Wall cladding and facades
A4 Kitchen and bathroom benchtops
A5 Stair treads and risers
A6 Commercial high-traffic flooring
A7 Monumental and architectural features
A8 Thermal mass walls for passive solar design
A9 Laboratory and industrial work surfaces
A10 Fireplace surrounds and hearths
09 Sources & Standards
Sources pending — citations for this material are not yet recorded. Verify all figures against manufacturer data and current standards before specifying.