Form · 8–20 mm
Clay-Based — indicative fig. M·49
Fire A1 Non-combustibleEmbodied carbon 1.20kgCO₂e/kg Low–mediumCompressive 170MPa StructuralDesign life 50yr
High-performance vitrified ceramic tile with water absorption <0.5%, suitable for all Australian climate zones and BAL ratings. Non-combustible material with 50+ year service life.
01 Physical
Density 2400kg/m³
Specific gravity 2.4
Porosity 0.5%
Water absorption 0.5%
Hardness 7
UV resistance Excellent
Chemical resistance Class A
pH tolerance 3-14
Surface roughness 5µm
02 Mechanical
Tensile strength 30MPa
Compressive strength 170MPa
Flexural strength 40MPa
Shear strength 34MPa
Poisson's ratio 0.22
Impact resistance 0.6
Creep resistance Excellent
03 Thermal
Thermal conductivity 1.5W/m·K
Specific heat 1050J/kg·K
Thermal expansion 8×10⁻⁶/°C
04 Compliance & Fire First question
Combustibility class A1
Fire resistance level Non-combustible
Ignition temp 1200°C
Flame spread index 0
Smoke dev. index 0
Heat release rate 0
05 Sustainability & Health
Embodied carbon 1.2
Carbon footprint 25
Embodied energy 200MJ/kg
Water footprint 20L/kg
Recyclability 100%
Recycled content 20%
Renewable content 0%
Circular score 65
VOC emissions 0
Toxicity rating Non-toxic
LEED contribution 4
06 Durability · Cost · Logistics
Expected lifespan 50
Maintenance interval 0.5
Warranty period 10
Material cost (range) 25-150
Material cost (per unit) 60
Lead time 2
Lifecycle cost 150
Annual maintenance 5
Market availability Excellent
07 Assessment
Advantages
- Non-combustible - suitable for all BAL ratings
- Extremely low water absorption (<0.5%)
- High durability - 50+ year service life
- Excellent chemical resistance (pH 3-14)
- Zero VOC emissions
- Suitable for all Australian climate zones
- Compatible with underfloor heating
- Wide range of slip resistance ratings (P0-P5, R9-R13)
- 100% recyclable at end of life
- Low maintenance requirements
Constraints
- High embodied energy from firing process
- Poor acoustic performance without underlay
- Cold underfoot without heating
- Brittle - can crack under impact
- 90%+ imported affecting carbon footprint
- Grout joints require periodic maintenance
- Professional installation required
- Limited Australian manufacturing
- Higher initial cost than some alternatives
- Heavy weight impacts structure (19-48 kg/m²)
08 Applications
A1 Residential flooring - all areas including wet areas
A2 Commercial flooring - retail, office, hospitality
A3 External paving - patios, balconies, pool surrounds
A4 High-traffic public spaces - airports, shopping centres
A5 Healthcare facilities - hospitals, aged care
A6 Industrial flooring - warehouses, factories
A7 Facade cladding systems (ventilated)
A8 Rooftop terraces with pedestal systems (20mm)
A9 Bushfire-prone area construction (BAL-FZ compliant)
A10 Marine environment applications
09 Sources & Standards
Sources pending — citations for this material are not yet recorded. Verify all figures against manufacturer data and current standards before specifying.