Glazing · 50–100 mm
Aggregate-Based — indicative fig. C·03
Fire A1 Non-combustibleEmbodied carbon Data pending Unit unclearCompressive 25-35 MPa at 28 days (15-25% glass content)MPa StructuralDesign life 50yr
Decorative precast concrete panels using recycled glass fines as partial sand replacement (up to 10% by mass demonstrated in Australian research). Use requires ATS 3050/AS 2758.1 compliance and ASR mitigation strategies such as supplementary cementitious materials.
01 Physical
Density 2100-2350 kg/m³kg/m³
Specific gravity Varies
Porosity 10-18%%
Water absorption 3-7% (24-hour immersion, ASTM C642)%
Hardness 5-7 Mohs scale
UV resistance Excellent - no significant degradation
Chemical resistance Good to excellent acid resistance
pH tolerance 4-12 pH range
Surface roughness 2-8 μm Ra (finish dependent)µm
02 Mechanical
Tensile strength 2.5-4.2 MPaMPa
Compressive strength 25-35 MPa at 28 days (15-25% glass content)MPa
Flexural strength 3.5-6.5 MPa (up to 8.4 MPa with glass fibers)MPa
Shear strength 3.0-4.5 MPaMPa
Poisson's ratio 0.18-0.22
Impact resistance 15-25% improvement over standard concrete
Creep resistance 0.3-0.5 × 10⁻⁶/MPa (long-term)
03 Thermal
Thermal conductivity Varies (see notes)W/m?K
Specific heat VariesJ/kg?K
Thermal expansion Variesx10^-6 /?C
04 Compliance & Fire First question
Combustibility class Non-combustible (concrete matrix)
Fire resistance level 60/60/60 to 180/180/180 FRL (thickness dependent)
Ignition temp >750°C°C
Flame spread index 0-5
Smoke dev. index 0-3
Heat release rate <3 kW/m²
05 Sustainability & Health
Embodied carbon 200-280 kg CO₂-e/m³
Carbon footprint 15-55 kg CO₂-e/m² (thickness dependent)
Embodied energy 8-12 MJ/kgMJ/kg
Water footprint 5-15 L/m²L/kg
Recyclability 95-100%%
Recycled content Up to 10% by mass (sand replacement)
Renewable content 0%%
Circular score 8/10 (high recyclability, recycled content)
VOC emissions <10 g/L with low-VOC sealers
Toxicity rating Non-toxic, Red List compliant
LEED contribution 4-6 points (MR & EQ credits)
06 Durability · Cost · Logistics
Expected lifespan 50-100 years
Maintenance interval Annual inspection, 10-15 years joint renewal
Warranty period 1-5 years defects, 6-10 years structural
Material cost (range) $230-360/m² (supply only, thickness dependent)
Material cost (per unit) $275-420/m² (installed)
Lead time 4-8 weeks standard, 8-12 weeks custom
Lifecycle cost $375-670/m² (50-year analysis)
Annual maintenance $2-5/m²
Market availability Good in major centers, limited rural
07 Assessment
Advantages
- Demonstrated feasibility of unwashed glass fines at up to 10% by mass sand replacement in Australian research
- Austroads ATS 3050 provides a specification pathway for recycled crushed glass in concrete
- Supports diversion of glass fines from landfill
Constraints
- ASR risk requires mitigation via supplementary cementitious materials (e.g., fly ash, GGBS, or glass powder)
- Performance depends on mix design, grading, and quality control to meet ATS 3050 / AS 2758.1
- Availability depends on suppliers meeting ATS 3050 requirements
08 Applications
A1 Decorative facade panels
A2 Feature wall cladding
A3 Exposed aggregate finishes
A4 Polished concrete surfaces
A5 Precast architectural elements
A6 Sound barrier walls
A7 Fire-rated wall systems
A8 Sustainable building facades
A9 Public art installations
A10 Infrastructure applications
A11 Commercial building cladding
A12 Residential feature walls
09 Sources & Standards
Sources pending — citations for this material are not yet recorded. Verify all figures against manufacturer data and current standards before specifying.